Open Wound First Aid

Q: I take my dog to dog parks every day. She's very well-socialized and loves to play. But every now and then, we see dogs that played well before get into fights, and I'm always worried that she will get bitten one day. I want to be prepared in case something happens - is there something small I can carry around that would make a difference in minimizing the damage? What are some basic things I should know about how to treat the bite?

A: Michelle Sevigny of DOGSAFE responds: "Great question! Anytime that a group of dogs get together to play, there is the potential for minor cuts from rough play as well as more severe cuts due to an aggressive act that perhaps started out as play or two dogs meeting but not getting along.



Two major concerns with open wounds (where the skin has been broken) are blood loss and infection. The skin is there to protect the body so once the skin has been broken, dirt, bacteria and other contaminants can enter and cause infection. Wounds that are on the surface (eg. ear nicks) tend to bleed a lot but are usually not serious, whereas deep, puncture wounds (eg. dog bites) are the most prone to infection.



The goal of first aid in regards to minor wounds is to clean the wound site and prevent further contamination. For minor wound management, the first step is to clean any debris from the wound with saline solution (best) or clean, cool water. Clean the area with mild soap and water and pat dry. Cover the wound with a non-stick, sterile dressing and wrap with roll gauze. Keep the bandage clean and dry, change daily and watch for any signs of infection which includes swelling, odour or presence of pus. Anything more than a minor wound will require veterinary follow-up.



The goal of first aid in regards to more serious wounds (including spurting blood and large or deep open wounds) is to control the bleeding with direct pressure. Control the bleeding with a trauma or gauze pad (but any material will work in a pinch) and maintain continuous direct pressure. If blood soaks through, do not remove the pad, but simply apply another pad on top. Secure the pad with roll gauze to maintain pressure and immediately transport to a veterinarian.



It is best to always have some basic first aid supplies on hand whenever you are out and about with your dog. I would recommend that at the very minimum, you have sterile gauze pads, roll gauze and a small vial of saline solution. These basic supplies can be carried in a small pocket bag (similar to a poo baggie holder) that can be attached to your dog's collar or leash. A larger kit with more supplies should be stored in your vehicle.



The best first aid action is prevention so continually monitor the dog's body language and behaviour during meet & greets or play sessions with other dogs and stop any play that is getting out of hand before an incident occurs."

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